Roofing



Nov. 29, 193s. E BOZAUNA 2,138,320

ROOFING Filed Nov. 2l, 1935 Henry F.' Bozalina INVENTQI ATTORNEYS,

Patented Nov. 29, 1938 UNITEDv STATES PATENT OFFICE ROOFING Henry F. Bozalina, Houston, Tex.

Application November 21, 1935, Serial No.750',819

6 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in roofing, and particularly in the provision of a novel type shingle and method and means of securing the same in position.

One of the objects of this invention is to provide a means whereby a shingle may have its exposed or projecting part anchored toy an underlying or lower shingle so that the edges or corners of the shingles when laid cannot be blown up by the wind, or otherwise disturbed, so that leakage will result. It is a further object to provide such a device which will be susceptible of being laid quickly and easily, and which will in no wise damage o-r tend to lcause undue wear to the shingles themselves.

It is an object to so shape the shingles of this invention that they will be the more readily adaptable for use with devices such as just referred to, and to provide a method of laying these shingles so as to form a roof having a maximum of durability and eiciency.

With the above and other objects in view, there is set forth in the following description and the accompanying drawing by way of illustration and example a disclosure of means whereby this invention may be carried out.

, With reference more particularly to the drawing, in which like numerals indicate corresponding parts throughout:

Fig. l is a perspective view illustrating the clip which is secured to a lower corner of the shingles of this invention for the purpose of anchoring them in place.

Fig. 2 is a View partly in section illustrating the manner in which the clip of Fig. 1 is secured to a. shingle.

Fig. 3 is a plan View of one form of shingle constructed in accordance with this invention.

Fig. 4 is a plan view of a portion of a roof which may be formed from shingles such as illustrated in Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 4 illustrating a different method of laying the shingles of Fig. 3.

Fig. 6 is a view similar to Fig. 3, but showing a slightly modied form of shingle.

Fig. 7 is a View similar to Fig. 4 illustrating one method of laying the shingles of Fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is a View similar to Fig. 'l showing another method of laying the shingles of Fig. 6.

Fig. 9 is a diagrammatic View illustrating a variation in the laying oi the shingles of Fig. 3.

Fig. l0 is a bottom plan View of a part of two shingles showing the clip cooperating therewith and illustrating on an enlarged scale the posi- (Cl. 10S-33) tion of the clip forming a part of this invention with respect to the shingles which it engages.

In Fig. 1 there is illustrated a clip which is generally designated by numeral I, and which consists of a body portion 2 adapted to be sef cured to the undersurfaoe of a shingle by means of the prongs 3, ll and 5, these prongs being struck out from the body portion 2 as illustrated. Also projecting from the body portion and in off-set relation thereto is a tongue 6 which is adapted in practice toI 'engage beneath the vedge of a lower shingle in. a manner which will be presently set forth. This tongue 6 is off-set from the body portion 2 at I, and is provided with a stiffem'ng corrugation or rib 8 which extends for a portion of the length of the tongue and extends past the juncture of the tongue with the body portion. Also there is a stiffening corrugation or rib S positioned substantially at the point of junctureV of the'tongue with the body portion and extending transversely with respect to the corrugation 8. The corners at the free end of the tongue S may bebeveled as lat I0 if desired in order to enable the tongue to be more readily inserted-beneath the lower shingle."

It will be observed thatthe tongue 6 is formed by a slit II in the sheet material of which the clip is formed, and that in practice a portion of a shingle will pass through this slit. In order to prevent the possibility of a shingle being caught withinthis slit and eithervcut or torn during the laying of the shingles, this slit is widened adjacent its inner end by aring the edges of the-body portion 2 and of the tongue 6 away from each other as shown at I2 and I3, respectively. It will be seen that this eliminates the sharp end of the slit, and provides ample room for the shingle which en gages the slit to slide therethrough without danger of being cut or torn.

In securing Vthe clip to a shingle, the prongs 3, and 5 are passed through or into the shingle and are headed over as at I4 and I5 in Fig. 2.

Referring now to Fig. 3, the shingle here illus-v trated at I6 is provided at one of its lower corners with a clip I'I similar to that just described, and at its' other lower corner is notched at I8 to provide for the reception of a corresponding clip on another shingle. Adjacent the notch I8 this shingle is also adapted to receive a nail or the like as at I9. Other securing means may be positioned anywhere under the lap as found desirable. The notch IB is of a depth such that when the tongue 6 of a clip is engaged therein, the edge of the shingle to which the clip is secured will be in alignment with the corresponding edge of the shingle I6 shown. It will be noted that at the upper end of this shingle there is an ear or projection 26 which is identical in size and shape to the notch I8, this projection having been formed at the time the shingle was out, and constituting the material which was removed from the adjacent shingle in forming a similar notch therein. It is to be understood that these shingles are intended to be formed of some composition material which is ordinarily produced in long sheets or strips, and that in forming shingles from such sheets or strips it is expedient for the leading edge of one shingle to conform to the trailing edge of the other shingle, so that one cut will serve to form the leading edge of one and the trailing edge of the other. In this instance, however, the projection 20' is in such position that it may serve a useful. purpose in that it provides for the same head lap opposite the notch as across the remainder of the shingle width.

In Fig. 4 there is illustrated one method of laying shingles of Fig. 3, in which the shingles are laid in diagonally arranged courses. In this plan, the lower or starter shingle 26 of each course is' so laid that the next lowest shingle 21 which may be known as one of the eld shingles, will be positioned with its lower corner at the lower edge of the roof. The lower or starter shingles' 26 are made at their lower edge to conform to the eave. Otherwise, they are the same asv the field shingles 21. In laying the shingles of each course, the corner on which the clip is secured is positionedtoward the lower edge of the roof and is engaged with the notch in the next lower shingle of the course. The clip of one shingle is engaged with the notch of the next shingle to such an extent as to make the corresponding lower edges of the two shingles in the same course coincide. When the shingles of the next course are laid, they are so laid that they will cover substantially half of the shingles in the lower course, and the over-lapping edges 28 of the shingles in the upper course will be in exact alignment with the over-lapping edges 29 of the shingles in the lower course. Thus, each shingle will present an exposed surface which is substantially square and diagonally disposed with respect to the roof. Furthermore, the entire roof will be covered with two layers of shingle material.

In Fig. 5, the roofing is quite similar with the exception that instead of the over-lapping edges of the shingles in one course being in alignment with those in the second course, the over-lapped edges 34 of shingles in the upper course are arranged in abutting relation with respect to the over-lapping edges of the shingles in the lower course. This tends to make a smoother roofing surface than the arrangement of Fig. 4. However, at the lower edge of the roof there will be left a series of notch-shaped openings 35 with this plan, and for the purpose of filling these openings a strip of roofing material 36, or its equivalent in small starter shingles, may be placed beneath the shingles along the lower edge of the roof. The lower shingles 3D' and the next lower shingles 3| in the respective courses are arranged in Fig. 5 in substantially the same manner as those in Fig. 4, the only substantial difference in appearance being that the overlapping edges 32 of the shingles in one course will not appear in alignment with the overlapping edges 33 of the shingles in the other course.

The shingle illustrated in Fig. 6 at 2| has a, clip 22, a notch 23, and a projecting tab 25 corresponding exactly to the respective parts of the shingle shown in Fig. 3. It is also adapted to receive a nail or the like at some position such as 24. The shingle of Fig. 6, however, is substantially a square, and when laid as illustrated in Figs. '1 and 8 provides a roof in which a large portion of the surface is covered by only a single layer of roofing material.

'Ihe manner of laying the shingles of Fig. 6 as illustrated in Fig, 7 is very similar to the correresponding illustration in Fig. 4 in that the finished appearance of the roof is identical. The The only substantial difference between the showing of Fig. 4 and of Fig. '1 is that in Fig. 7 the courses overlap each other to a much smaller degree than those in Fig. 4, and a considerable portion of the roof is covered with only a single layer of roofing material. The lower shingles 31 and the next lower shingles 38 in each course are arranged similarly to the shingles 26 and 21 in Fig. 4, and the courses are so arranged that the over-lapping edges 39 and 40 in adjacent courses will appear in alignment.

In Fig. 8 the lower shingles 4I and the next lower shingles 42 are arranged in the same mannei` as the corresponding shingles in Fig. 5, and the over-lapping edges 43 and 44 of the respective courses will appear out of alignment. In this case, as in Fig. 5 ,the over-lapped edge 45 of the upper course will abut the over-lapping edge 44 oi the lower course. Notch-shaped openings 46 will appear in the lower edge of the roof in the same manner as in Fig. 5, and will be taken care of by a strip 41 identical with the strip 36 of Fig. 5, or by other suitable means as above indicated.

In Fig. 9, the shingle of Fig. 3 is shown laid vertically instead of diagonally as in other gures. The method of laying is in substance the same, except that the lower ends of the shingles of the lower course will form the lower edge of the roof, and there will be no necessity for specially shaped starter shingles such as 26, 30', 31 or 42, or for the use of any strip such as 36 or 41, or other means for taking care of notches such as 35 or 46. Clips 49 are used in a manner similar to that previously described, and the lower corner of the shingles are secured at 59 adjacent the notches. The lower course 48 is over-lapped by the upper course 5I in any desired manner, and to any desired extent.

By the foregoing there has been set forth an embodiment of this invention capable of carrying out all of the objects thereof. It will be understood, however, that the same is not to be taken by way of limitation, but by way of example, and that it is to be limited in scope only by the prior art, and by the terms of the appended claims.

What I claim is:

l. A clip for holding down the exposed portion of a shingle, said clip comprising a piece of sheet material having means on one face thereof adapted to be secured to the under surface of such shingle, said sheet being slit from one edge a portion of the distance to the opposite edge to forni a tongue, said tongue being off-set from the main portion of said sheet and adapted to engage beneath the edge of a lower shingle, said slit being widened adjacent its inner end to avoid cutting or tearing of such lower shingle.

2.. A clip for holding down the exposed portionof a shingle, said clip comprising a piece of sheet material having means on one face thereof adapted to be secured to the under surface of such shingle, said sheet being slit from 'one edge a portion of the distance to the opposite edge to form a tongue, said tongue being off-set from the main portion of said sheet and adapted to engage beneath the edge of a lower shingle, the edges of said main portion and said tongue being flared away from each other adjacent the end of said slit to widen the slit and avoid cutting or tearing such lower shingle.

3. In combination, a shingle and a clip secured to the under surface of said shingle adjacent one corner thereof, said clip having an olf-set tongue extending in a direction substantially parallel to one of the adjacent edges and away from the other adjacent edge of said shingle, and said second edge being notched at a position remote from said corner to receive and positively position a clip onva superposed shingle.

4. In combination, a shingle and a clip secured to the under surface of said shingle adjacent one corner thereof, said clip having an off-set tongue extending in a direction substantially parallel to one of the adjacent edges and away Vfrom the other adjacent edge of said shingle, and said shingle being notched at one of its other corners to receive and positively position a clip on a superposed shingle. p

5. In combination, a shingle having a notch in one edge thereof adapted to receive a clip on a similar superposed shingle and having a projection on its opposite edge of identical shape and size with respect to said notch, and a clip secured to the under surface of said shingle adjacent one corner thereof adapted to engage the notch in a lower shingle.

6. A roof comprising a plurality of generally quadrilateral shingles laid in courses, each shingle overlapping at one edge an adjacent shingle in the same horizontal course and having a clip securing it to such adjacent shingle, and each shingle having a notch formed therein embracing such clip and the shingles of each course overlapping those of the next.

HENRY F. BOZALINA. 

